Public Toilets Of Different Countries

Invented in England, water closet is not immediately entered into the life of Russian homeowners because of the inertia and conservatism, although some sources require the invention of the toilet of the Russian naval engineer Vasily Blinov. More than 120 years ago in St. Petersburg Imperial University, he demonstrated his highly original sanitary device. By overjoyed by the respected public is present in bulk in earthenware bowl of his brainchild polvedra horse manure, and then washed it clean bucket of water. In the first years of XX century by the architect-modernist AI Zazersky in St. Petersburg was built unusual for that time a public toilet. It was a massive and spacious building with patterned brickwork, adorned with steeples and turrets. The building had 4 inputs: two ordinary "M" and "F", and yet separately for boys and girls. In addition to this legendary master of modern toilets have been built, two more simple: in the Alexander Garden and the Theater Square. In public toilets toilets were a concatenated into a single series of short lengths of cast-iron bell-mouthed pipes with pipe, flange, which were fastened to the seat. In the lower part of the team has always been in the water pipe, which comes from a flush tank. After a siphon in the floor, preventing odors from entering the premises, contamination with water periodically clean the drains. In the toilets installed urinals made of faience of different structures: flat, angular, and urinals specially designed for ladies. (Continued at the end of post)







In the cities for a long time there was no sanitation, no public toilets. People threw dirt
directly on the street, where they mixed with road dirt and manure, and need just celebrated
rivers or in urban gardens. Only at the end of XIX century there were hygiene and sanitation as urban category.


The first urban public toilet - retiradnik - in St. Petersburg was built by Michael's arena in 1871 over the cesspool built a house, and as a heater installed a Russian stove. Successful experience has prompted city officials to begin construction in the northern capital of 42 more latrines (at the Alexander Theater, at St. Nicholas Market Square). Archaeological finds in the ancient Russian cities show that in the XIV - XV centuries there were drainage system of wooden pipes for sewage disposal. But at the end of XIX century in major Russian cities begins construction of centralized sewage systems and sewage disposal. Excreta disposal has been collecting them in a pit and export in specific locations outside the city. Public toilets will be satisfied only in markets in central areas of cities, in parks, which draw large crowds of people. In private homeownership toilets were held separately from the buildings near the roadway for the convenience of emptying pit latrines. Removal of impurities by the private person - "Zolotar" on carts with barrels, and it only happened at night. In large cities were organized special carts for transporting sewage sewage that lasted up to 30 years of XX century.